Risk Assessment
GM of Operations
A risk assessment is the systematic process of identifying workplace hazards, analysing their likelihood and potential consequences, and determining appropriate control measures to reduce risk to an acceptable level.
A risk assessment is a systematic process of identifying hazards, evaluating the likelihood and severity of harm, and determining appropriate control measures to reduce risk to an acceptable level. It follows the hierarchy of controls (elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, PPE) and produces a documented record of identified risks and the measures taken to manage them.
Why it matters
Risk assessments are a legal requirement under Australian WHS legislation and form the foundation of any safety management system. They ensure that hazards are identified before work begins, controls are proportionate to the level of risk, and there is documented evidence of due diligence. Without formal risk assessments, organisations are exposed to preventable incidents and cannot demonstrate compliance during investigations or audits.
How MapTrack helps
MapTrack provides digital risk assessment templates that teams complete on mobile devices, linking each assessment to the relevant asset, site, or project for a complete risk management audit trail.
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Frequently asked questions
What are the five steps of a risk assessment?
The five steps are: (1) identify the hazards, (2) determine who might be harmed and how, (3) evaluate the risks and decide on control measures, (4) record the findings and implement the controls, and (5) review the assessment and update as necessary. This process is iterative and should be repeated whenever conditions, equipment, or procedures change.
What is the difference between a risk assessment and a SWMS?
A risk assessment is a broad process for identifying and evaluating hazards in any workplace activity. A Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) is a specific document required under Australian WHS regulations for high-risk construction work. A SWMS includes the risk assessment findings plus detailed work steps, control measures, and responsibilities. In practice, the risk assessment feeds into the SWMS.
How often should risk assessments be reviewed?
Risk assessments should be reviewed whenever there is a change in the work activity, equipment, or environment, after an incident or near miss, when new information about a hazard becomes available, and at regular intervals (typically annually) even if no changes have occurred. Dynamic risk assessments, such as Take 5s, are performed before each task.
Related terms
Pre-Start Inspection
A pre-start inspection is a systematic check performed on plant, equipment, or vehicles before each use or shift to identify defects, damage, or unsafe conditions. It typically follows a standardised checklist covering safety-critical items such as brakes, steering, lights, tyres, guards, fluid levels, and warning devices. Pre-start inspections are a legal requirement under workplace health and safety regulations in Australia and are similarly required in other jurisdictions, including OSHA equipment inspection requirements in the United States and PUWER requirements in the United Kingdom.
Compliance Management
Compliance management in asset-intensive industries is the systematic process of ensuring that equipment, operations, and personnel meet all applicable regulatory, safety, environmental, and contractual requirements. It encompasses tracking inspection due dates, certifications, licences, safety checks, environmental obligations, and industry-specific standards. Compliance management requires both proactive scheduling and thorough record-keeping.
WHS compliance software
WHS compliance software is a digital WHS management system that helps organisations meet Work Health and Safety obligations by managing inspections, incident records, risk assessments, corrective actions, contractor compliance, regulatory reporting and audit trails. It replaces paper registers, spreadsheets and email chains with a searchable system of record that shows what was checked, when it was checked, who completed it, what failed and what evidence was attached.
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)
Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) is a safety procedure used to ensure that equipment is properly shut down, isolated from all energy sources, and cannot be restarted until maintenance or repair work is completed. Lockout involves physically locking energy isolation devices (such as circuit breakers or valves) in the off position, while tagout involves attaching a warning tag to the isolation point. LOTO protects workers from the unexpected release of hazardous energy during servicing.
Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
A Job Safety Analysis is a structured risk assessment technique that breaks a work task into its component steps, identifies the hazards present at each step, and documents the control measures required to eliminate or minimise those hazards. The JSA process typically involves observing the task, consulting with workers who perform it, listing each step in sequence, identifying what could go wrong at each step, and recording the controls that should be applied, following the hierarchy of controls from elimination through to personal protective equipment. JSAs are widely used across construction, mining, manufacturing, oil and gas, and logistics to ensure that hazards are systematically identified and addressed before work begins. They are often completed collaboratively by the work crew at the start of a shift or before a non-routine task. The completed JSA serves as both a planning tool and a communication document that every crew member reads and signs before commencing work, ensuring shared understanding of the hazards and the agreed controls.
Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS)
A Safe Work Method Statement is a documented procedure that describes the high-risk construction work to be carried out, the hazards associated with that work, and the control measures that will be implemented to manage those hazards. In Australia, a SWMS is a legal requirement under WHS Regulations for 19 categories of high-risk construction work, including work at heights above two metres, work near live electrical installations, work involving demolition, and work in or near confined spaces. The SWMS must be prepared before the high-risk work commences, must be specific to the job and site conditions, and must be readily accessible to workers performing the task. Workers must be consulted during its development and sign on to confirm they understand the documented controls. A SWMS is a living document that should be reviewed and updated whenever site conditions, personnel, or scope change. The document typically includes the project and task description, the names and qualifications of workers, a step-by-step breakdown of the work, identified hazards at each step, risk ratings, and the specific control measures to be applied.
Working at Heights
Working at heights refers to any work performed in a location where a person could fall a distance likely to cause injury. In Australia, this generally means any task carried out 2 metres or more above ground level, though the risk applies at any height where a fall hazard exists. It includes work on roofs, scaffolds, ladders, elevated work platforms (EWPs), and open edges. Controls follow the hierarchy: eliminate the need for height work first, then use passive fall prevention, work positioning, and finally fall arrest systems.
Cite this definition
Writing about this topic? You’re welcome to quote this definition. Here’s the wording to use so your readers can find the original.
A risk assessment is a systematic process of identifying hazards, evaluating the likelihood and severity of harm, and determining appropriate control measures to reduce risk to an acceptable level.
- Short attribution
- MapTrack Glossary: Risk Assessment, https://www.maptrack.com/glossary/risk-assessment
- Reference list
- MapTrack. (2026). Risk Assessment [Glossary definition]. Retrieved from https://www.maptrack.com/glossary/risk-assessment
Free to reuse with credit under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. If you’d rather link straight to it, the page is https://www.maptrack.com/glossary/risk-assessment.
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